Unit 5 Science and Experiment Exercise: Class 10 English Guide

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Unit 5: Science and Experiments, this unit focuses on scientific principles and experimentation. By reading about surprising discoveries and philosophical questions, we can expand our thinking. Writing tasks allow strengthening communication of ideas.

Reading I: Yes, You Can Boil Water at Room Temperature, this article describes an unusual experiment where water was boiled without heating. Discussion questions may ask how it contradicts expectations or what was learned about states of matter.

Reading II: The Voice of the Rain, this poem reflects on the rain's sound and role in ecosystems philosophically. Comprehension analyses may explore metaphorical language and deeper meaning.

After this unit's quick summary, lets talk about the question answer, exercise solution, grammar and reading I and II.

For complete notes of Class 10 English Book, go to this link - Class 10 English Guide & Notes.

Class 10 English Unit 5 Science and Experiment Exercise

Class 10 English Guide Notes The SR Zone

Unit 5 : Science and Experiement

Reading - I : Yes,You Can Boil Water at Room Temperature

C. Answer these questions.

a. What is the speed of the water particles compared with?

Answer: The speed of the water particles is compared with the thermal motion of tiny balls, representing the water molecules.

b. How are bubbles formed in the boiling water?

Answer: Bubbles are formed in boiling water when the temperature increases, and water molecules gain enough energy to push back other water molecules in the liquid, creating pockets of water vapor (gas phase).

c. Mention two things on which external pressure depends.

Answer: External pressure depends on the altitude above sea level and the surrounding atmospheric conditions.

d. How is the atmosphere related to the pressure of water?

Answer: The atmosphere influences the pressure of water because the atmospheric pressure pushes on the liquid water. When the pressure inside the bubbles (vapor pressure) becomes equal to the outside pressure (atmospheric pressure), the water boils.

e. What would happen if the atmospheric pressure on the liquid water was decreased?

Answer: If the atmospheric pressure on the liquid water was decreased, the pressure inside the bubbles (vapor pressure) would also decrease. This would make it easier for the water particles to break away and form bubbles without requiring a high temperature. Water could boil at lower temperatures, even at room temperature.

f. What would the experimenter gain if she pulled the plunger out?

Answer: If the experimenter pulled the plunger out, she would decrease the pressure inside the syringe (liquid water). As a result, the water molecules would gain enough energy to form boiling bubbles, and the water would start to boil, even without increasing the temperature significantly.

D. What would happen on the Earth if there were no gravity?

If there were no gravity on Earth, everything would float away into space. Buildings and trees would fly up into the sky. We wouldn't have rain or rivers because water wouldn't stay on Earth. We wouldn't be able to walk or stay in one place. Life as we know it would be completely different and challenging, like living in a big space adventure without gravity holding us down. People, objects, and even the air around us would have no force to keep them on the ground. It would be like being in a giant spaceship with no floor to stand on.

Writing I

Write stepwise instructions to draw a jellyfish as given below. You may use the following words and phrases.

[circle, lines, semi-straight, creaky, on top of, above, below]

Here are step by step instructions to draw a simple jellyfish:

Draw a large circle on your paper to make the jellyfish bell.

Next, draw 8 to 12 semi-straight lines coming out from the circle to make the jellyfish's tentacles. Make the lines of different lengths.

Draw creaky lines branching off from the tentacle lines to make the tendrils. These lines should be slightly curved and crooked.

Now draw another circle on top of the tentacle lines near the jellyfish bell. This circle will be the jellyfish's mouth.

Below the mouth circle, draw two more smaller circles on top of different tentacle lines. These will be the jellyfish's eyes.

Optional: Add some wavy or curved patterns within the jellyfish bell circle to indicate frills.

Also optional: Add a few more creaky tendril lines coming off from the tentacle lines to make the jellyfish's body look more intricate.

That's it! You now have a simple yet interesting drawing of a jellyfish. Hope these step by step instructions were helpful and clear. Let me know if you have any other questions.

Unit 5 : Reading - II

Voice of the Rain

Written by The SR Zone | Shriram Lamichhane

Summary

The poem is a conversation between the poet and the rain. The poet talks to the rain and asks who it is. The rain replies that it is the song of the Earth. The rain says that it brings happiness to the Earth.

The rain is always falling, sometimes heavy and sometimes light. It starts as water vapor in the air and becomes clouds in the sky. Even though it changes shapes, it stays the same water. It implies that some parts of nature cannot be fully understood.

The raindrops fall from the sky and wash away dust. They quench the thirst of the dry Earth and make everything that was dull come alive again. In other words, the rain makes the Earth pure and beautiful.

Finally, the poet sees that the rain is like a song. A song can also calm, heal, change and thrill people. In the same way, the rain cycles of evaporating and condensing purifies the water. It makes the whole earth as beautiful as rhythm makes a poem or music.

D. Answer the following questions.

a. What are the two voices in the poem? Who do they belong to?

Answer: The two voices in the poem are the voice of the rain and the voice of the speaker (Walt Whitman).

b. How is the cycle movement of the rain shown in the poem?

Answer: The poem shows the cycle movement of rain through its description of the rain starting as a delicate pattern, growing louder into a mighty torrent, and then singing and murmuring as it falls, showcasing the various forms and sounds of rain.

c. Why are the showers necessary for the Earth?

Answer: The showers are necessary for the Earth because they bring life and vitality to plants and animals, cleanse and purify the air and the earth, and help in the growth of nature.

d. How are the rain and music similar?

Answer: Rain and music are similar because rain is described as singing and murmuring, just like music, and both create beautiful sounds that can be soothing and melodic.

e. How are the clouds formed?

Answer: Clouds are formed when warm air rises and cools, causing the water vapor in the air to condense into tiny water droplets, which then gather together to form clouds.

f. List the pairs of opposite words in the poem.

rise/descend

rain/draught

day/night

reck'd/unreck'd (recked/unrecked)

C. Why do water and vegetable oil not mix?

Water and oil don't mix well because they're very different.

Water molecules stick to each other because one part of the molecule is slightly positive and the other part is slightly negative. These opposite parts attract each other, making water sticky.

Oil molecules don't have positive and negative parts, so they're not sticky like water. Oil molecules just slide past each other.

Because water and oil molecules interact with each other so differently, they don't mix well. The water molecules stick to each other and the oil molecules slide past each other, forming separate layers.

In simple terms, water is sticky but oil is slippery. That's why they don't combine into a mix and tend to separate into layers.

Writing II

B. Write a letter of complaint to the concerned authority about the unmanaged garbage in your locality. Mention the hazards of unmanaged garbage to public health and suggest some measures to solve the problem.

The Mayor,

Lalitpur Metropolitan

Lalitpur, Nepal

Subject: Complaint regarding unmanaged garbage in Shivanagar Colony

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to lodge a complaint regarding the large amounts of unmanaged garbage in XYZ Colony. The piles of household waste, plastic wrappers and food leftovers litter the streets, footpaths and open areas around the colony.

This unmanaged garbage poses significant risks to public health. It attracts rats, insects and stray animals that can spread diseases. The breeding of mosquitoes in the standing water collected in waste containers also increases the risk of vector-borne diseases like malaria and dengue. The foul smell and smoke from open burning of waste causes air pollution and respiratory issues.

I urge the municipality to take immediate steps to clear the existing garbage and implement a regular waste collection and management system in XYZ Colony. This could include:

• Assigning sanitation workers to sweep and dispose waste from streets and footpaths daily

• Providing covered waste bins and more frequent collection of household waste

• Increasing awareness among residents about proper waste disposal and segregation

• Taking strict action against those dumping garbage openly

• Investing in a waste treatment plant to process organic and recyclable waste scientifically

I hope the municipality will give this issue the urgent attention it requires to improve sanitation and protect public health in our colony. Timely action from the concerned authorities is highly appreciated.

Thank you for your consideration.

Yours sincerely,

Shriram Lamichhane

Shivanagar Colony, Lalitpur